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1 rate of interest
Fina percentage charged on a loan or paid on an investment for the use of the money -
2 exchange rate risk
Finthe risk of suffering loss on converting another currency to the currency of a company’s own country.EXAMPLEExchange rate risks can be arranged into three primary categories. (1.) Economic exposure: operating costs will rise due to changes in rates and make a product uncompetitive in the world market. Little can be done to reduce this routine business risk that every enterprise must endure. (2.) Translation exposure: the impact of currency exchange rates will reduce a company’s earnings and weaken its balance sheet. To reduce translation exposure, experienced corporate fund managers use a range of techniques known as currency hedging. (3.) Transaction exposure: there will be an unfavorable move in a specific currency between the time when a contract is agreed and the time it is completed, or between the time when a lending or borrowing is initiated and the time the funds are repaid. Transaction exposure can be eased by factoring: transferring title to foreign accounts receivable to a third-party factoring house.Although there is no definitive way of forecasting exchange rates, largely because the world’s economies and financial markets are evolving so rapidly, the relationships between exchange rates, interest rates, and inflation rates can serve as leading indicators of changes in risk. These relationships are as follows. Purchasing Power Parity theory (PPP): while it can be expressed differently, the most common expression links the changes in exchange rates to those in relative price indices in two countries:Rate of change of exchange rate = Difference in inflation ratesInternational Fisher Effect (IFE): this holds that an interest-rate differential will exist only if the exchange rate is expected to change in such a way that the advantage of the higher interest rate is offset by the loss on the foreign exchange transactions. Practically speaking, the IFE implies that while an investor in a low-interest country can convert funds into the currency of a high-interest country and earn a higher rate, the gain (the interest rate differential) will be offset by the expected loss due to foreign exchange rate changes. The relationship is stated as:Expected rate of change of the exchange rate = Interest-rate differentialUnbiased Forward Rate Theory: this holds that the forward exchange rate is the best unbiased estimate of the expected future spot exchange rate.Expected exchange rate = Forward exchange rate -
3 overhead absorption rate
Fina means of attributing overhead to a product or service, based for example on direct labor hours, direct labor cost, or machine hours. The choice of overhead absorption base may be made with the objective of obtaining “accurate” product costs, or of influencing managerial behavior, for example, overhead applied to labor hours or part numbers appears to make the use of these resources more costly, thus discouraging their use. -
4 fuel use rate
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > fuel use rate
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5 lowest rate of water use
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > lowest rate of water use
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6 time-of-use rate
1. тариф ( на электроэнергию), зависящий от времени потребления2. оплата потребителем электроэнергии в дневные часы ( в рабочие дни) по более высокой цене, чем в ночные часыАнгло-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > time-of-use rate
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7 степень использования
Русско-английский сельскохозяйственный словарь > степень использования
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8 удельное потребление
Русско-Английский новый экономический словарь > удельное потребление
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9 коэффициент использования
use factor, rate of use, servicing factorРусско-Английский новый экономический словарь > коэффициент использования
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10 коэффициент использования
1) General subject: use factor2) Military: factor of utilization, in-commission rate, utilization coefficient3) Engineering: activity factor, application rate, application rate (ar), coefficient of utilization, degree of utilization, duty cycle, duty factor (оборудования), fill (напр. линии связи), load ratio, operating factor (оборудования), operating ratio, operation factor (оборудования), operation ratio, operational factor (оборудования), output factor, throughput, usage, usage factor, use effect, utilization, utilization factor4) Mathematics: capacite factor, coefficient5) Railway term: coefficient of output, coefficient of performance, consumer's load factor (энергосистемы)6) Economy: coefficient of recovery (питательных веществ), measure of utilization (напр. обслуживающего устройства), rate of use, up-time ratio (напр., оборудования), utilization parameter, utilization rate (производственных мощностей)7) Accounting: coefficient of occupation, fill, measure of utilisation (напр. обслуживающего устройства), utilisation factor, utilisation parameter, utilisation rate (производственных мощностей), utilisation ratio8) Automobile industry: operation factor (отношение длительности фактического использования машины или оборудования ко всему рассматриваемому промежутку времени)9) Telecommunications: occupation efficiency10) Information technology: activity ratio, percent uptime (машинного времени), processing ratio (отношение эффективно используемого времени к полному машинному времени), utilization ratio (отношение эффективно используемого времени к полному машинному времени)11) Oil: activity factor (оборудования), capacity factor (оборудования), efficiency, output coefficient, packing factor, readiness factor (оборудования), usage coefficient, utilization rate (оборудования, скважин)12) Toxicology: UF, utilization factor, UF13) Fishery: rate of removal14) Astronautics: utilization efficiency factor15) Transport: percentage of miles laden16) Theory of mass service: clearing ratio, servicing factor17) Metrology: duty cycle (например, оборудования), duty factor (например, оборудования)18) Mechanics: efficiency ratio, net working rate19) Ecology: oxygen utilization quotient, utilization quotient20) Advertising: use efficiency21) Business: stock utilization22) Sakhalin energy glossary: operations factor23) Solar energy: utilizability function24) EBRD: availability (оборудования, электростанции и т. п.), operating ratio (OR)25) Automation: duty factor (напр. станка), (технического) efficiency ratio (напр. станков), (технического) net working rate (напр. станка), (технического) operating ratio (напр. станков), utilization (оборудования), (технического) utilization coefficient, (технического) utilization factor, utilization factor (оборудования), (технического) utilization level, (технического) utilization rate (напр. станков), (технического) utilization ratio (напр. станков), (технического) work rate (напр. станков), (технического) working efficiency (напр. станка), (технического) working rate (напр. станков)26) Quality control: coefficient of efficiency, load factor27) Robots: degree of utilization (оборудования), percent uptime (оборудования)28) Sakhalin S: operating factor (предприятия)29) Sakhalin A: interactive ratio, unity ratio30) Makarov: capacity factor (мощности, ёмкости водохранилища и т.п.), clearing ratio (ТМО), coefficient of occupation (ТМО), coefficient of recovery (напр. питательных веществ растениями), efficiency (машины), efficiency (напр. питательных элементов удобрений растениями), fill (ТМО), load ratio (ТМО), operation factor (напр. оборудования отношение времени использования к календарному времени), recovery rate (напр. питательных веществ, удобрений растениями), servicing factor (ТМО), up-time ratio (напр. оборудования), use coefficient (напр. питательных элементов удобрений, корма), use efficiency (напр. питательных элементов удобрений), utilizability function (солнечной радиации), utilization coefficient (напр. питательных элементов удобрений, корма), utilization parameter (ТМО)31) Electrical engineering: load ratio (оборудования), (эксплуатационного) operating time ratio, use factor (мощности), utilization factor (мощности)32) General subject: capacity factor (воды)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > коэффициент использования
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11 жесткая норма
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12 норма водопотребления
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > норма водопотребления
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13 интенсивность
intensity, rateинтенсивность использования (напр. батареи) — rate of use (hrs/day)Поставки машин и оборудования. Русско-английский словарь > интенсивность
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14 нормы расхода
1) Military: expenditure rate2) Sakhalin energy glossary: take offs (нормы отбора)3) Industrial economy: rate of use (материальных ресурсов), usage rate -
15 удельное потребление
1) Engineering: specific consumption2) Economy: intensity of use, intensity-of-use coefficient (напр. материала), rate of use3) Accounting: intensity-of-use coefficient (напр..материала)4) Power engineering: specific consumerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > удельное потребление
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16 беспокойство
•One cannot take the global view of pollutants without feeling some concern about the rate of use of natural resources.
* * *Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > беспокойство
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17 беспокойство
•One cannot take the global view of pollutants without feeling some concern about the rate of use of natural resources.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > беспокойство
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18 коэффициент использования производственных мощностей
load/utilization rate, usage/use/utilization factor4000 полезных слов и выражений > коэффициент использования производственных мощностей
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19 cost of capital
Finthe minimum acceptable return on an investment, generally computed as a hurdle rate for use in investment appraisal exercises. The computation of the optimal cost of capital can be complex, and many ways of determining this opportunity cost have been suggested. -
20 норма водопотребления
rate of water demand, water use rateРусско-английский словарь по строительству и новым строительным технологиям > норма водопотребления
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